01 - Preheat oven to 350°F. Grease a 9-inch springform pan and line the bottom with parchment paper.
02 - Combine graham cracker crumbs with melted butter and 2 tablespoons sugar in a medium bowl. Press mixture firmly and evenly into the pan bottom. Bake for 10 minutes, then set aside to cool while preparing filling.
03 - Beat softened cream cheese in stand mixer or with hand mixer until completely smooth and free of lumps, about 2-3 minutes.
04 - Add granulated sugar and vanilla extract to creamed cheese. Beat until mixture becomes light and fluffy, scraping down bowl sides as needed.
05 - Add eggs one at a time, beating thoroughly after each addition until fully incorporated. Avoid overmixing to prevent air bubbles.
06 - Mix in sour cream and flour until just combined. The batter should be smooth and creamy.
07 - Spread half the cheesecake batter over cooled crust. Drizzle with half the caramel sauce. Use a skewer or knife tip to create gentle swirling patterns, being careful not to cut into the crust.
08 - Top with remaining cheesecake batter. Drizzle remaining caramel sauce over surface and create additional swirl patterns for marbled effect.
09 - Gently tap pan on counter to release trapped air bubbles. Bake for 50-60 minutes until edges are set but center still has a slight wobble, similar to gelatin consistency.
10 - Turn off oven, crack door open slightly, and leave cheesecake inside for 1 hour to prevent cracking from rapid temperature change.
11 - Remove from oven and let cool completely at room temperature. Refrigerate for at least 4 hours, preferably overnight, before serving.